
SQQQ is -41%, consistent with SQQQ's tendency to lag its benchmark long-term. In the aggregate, SQQQ is an overall loser. My question is where does the money go? If SQQQ holders are losers, who are the winners?
It's not QQQ holders, because their performance only matches the benchmark (approximately). I'm not aware of any index ETF that outperforms its benchmark.
SQQQ achieves its leverage through swap contracts. Some Wall Street bank or other entity is on the opposite side of those trades. Are they the winners?